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Sed-style format strings treat all characters as literals except:
| character | description | 
|---|---|
| & | The ampersand character is replaced in the output stream by the whole of what matched the regular expression. Use \& to output a literal '&' character. | 
| \ | Specifies an escape sequence. | 
An escape character followed by any character x, outputs that character unless x is one of the escape sequences shown below.
| Escape | Meaning | 
|---|---|
| \a | Outputs the bell character: '\a'. | 
| \e | Outputs the ANSI escape character (code point 27). | 
| \f | Outputs a form feed character: '\f' | 
| \n | Outputs a newline character: '\n'. | 
| \r | Outputs a carriage return character: '\r'. | 
| \t | Outputs a tab character: '\t'. | 
| \v | Outputs a vertical tab character: '\v'. | 
| \xDD | Outputs the character whose hexadecimal code point is 0xDD | 
| \x{DDDD} | Outputs the character whose hexadecimal code point is 0xDDDDD | 
| \cX | Outputs the ANSI escape sequence "escape-X". | 
| \D | If D is a decimal digit in the range 1-9, then outputs the text that matched sub-expression D. |